Infectious Disease Watch: Europe’s longer, warmer summers are raising the risk of multiple infections, with the ECDC warning that sustained heat (not just short heatwaves) helps food germs grow and boosts mosquito and tick spread. West Nile Virus Alert: WHO says West Nile cases are climbing across southern Europe, including locally acquired infections reported in North Macedonia, and stresses there’s no human vaccine—so prevention (repellent, protective clothing, nets, and removing standing water) matters. Local Water Safety Crisis (North Macedonia): In Gostivar, tap water is safe for hygiene but not for drinking or cooking after a coliform contamination scare; bottled water continues while authorities investigate and work on system fixes. Arsenic Ban (Valandovo): A separate drinking-water ban is in place in Valandovo due to arsenic levels above WHO guidance, with water allowed for industrial use and bathing until new tests. Maternity Leave Policy: Serbia’s women’s groups are reacting to Montenegro’s new “menstrual leave” law, highlighting how regional health and labour protections are evolving. Reproductive Health Milestone: A Skopje hospital reports a successful IVF birth for a 61-year-old woman using donated eggs and uterine reconstruction, with mother and newborn in good health. Air Pollution Impact: Eurostat data ranks Albania among Europe’s worst for premature deaths tied to fine particle pollution, underscoring ongoing regional health risks.